The Relationship of Chronic Kidney Diseases Stages and Dipstick Proteinuria for Bangladeshi Patients

Abstract

Background: It is established that proteinuria is associated with kidney dysfunction. The endeavor in this study was to observe whether the degree of dipstick proteinuria was related to the progressive stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) for Bangladeshi patients. Methods: This observational study was carried out on a total of 100 patients above 18 years of either sex with chronic kidney disease in the Department of Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh. Data were collected through semi-structured questionnaire. p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 25. Results: The mean age of the study population was 43.26 ±13.07 years with male predominance (63%). Serum creatinine increased with ages. The major symptoms were swelling of face, feet and ankle; nausea, vomiting and loss of appetite; breathlessness, urinary complaints, and also weakness. The causes for CKD were diabetes, hypertension, glomerular disease, systemic Inflammatory disease, previous history of kidney disease, and tubulointerstitial disease. The number of CKD patients in stage 3 was 16%, in stage 4 was 32% and in stage 5 was 52%. The dipstick proteinuria increased significantly with progressive stages of CKD. Conclusion: The range of proteinuria increased with the progressive stages of CKD.