Quality of Life in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): An Observational Study at a Tertiary Care Hospital in India

Abstract

Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder affecting many women globally, presenting symptoms such as menstrual irregularities, hyperandrogenism, infertility, obesity, insulin resistance, and psychological issues like anxiety and depression. These symptoms impact not only physical health but also emotional, social, and psychological well-being, leading to a reduced quality of life (QoL). Methods: This observational study assessed the quality of life (QoL) in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) at Continental Hospital in Hyderabad, India, using the Modified Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Quality of Life Questionnaire (MPCOSQ). The study included 140 women aged 16-45 with PCOS, aiming to understand how PCOS symptoms impact various life dimensions such as emotional well-being, physical health, social interactions, and overall life satisfaction. Results: The findings revealed that PCOS significantly affects QoL across multiple domains. Women aged 26-35 experienced the greatest QoL reduction, reflecting challenges during their peak reproductive and professional years. Higher body mass index (BMI) was strongly associated with reduced QoL, highlighting obesity as a factor that exacerbates PCOS symptoms. Psychological issues, particularly anxiety and depression, were found to greatly impact QoL, indicating the need for mental health support in managing PCOS. The study also found no significant correlation between family history and PCOS severity, suggesting that environmental and lifestyle factors might be more influential than genetic predisposition. Symptoms like menstrual irregularities, weight gain, mood disorders, and sleep disturbances were key predictors of lower QoL, with severe menstrual irregularities and obesity-related symptoms being particularly burdensome. Conclusion: These results suggest a need for a multidisciplinary approach to PCOS management, including gynecological, endocrinological, psychological, nutritional, and lifestyle interventions.