Vitamins and Essential Minerals Contained in Mucilages of Four Food Plants, Abelmoschus esculentus, Beilschmiedia mannii, Corchorus olitorius and Irvingia gabonensis, from Côte d’lvoire

Abstract

Aims: The present work has for objective to determine vitamins and essential minerals contents in the mucilage of food plants from Ivorian flora. Study Design: Mucilage food plants edible parts were dried, mucilage were extracted and vitamins and mineral analyzed. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Laboratory of Biochemistry and Food Sciences, Biosciences Unit, at Felix Houphouet-Boigny University between January and December 2014. Methodology: The study was carried out on fruits of A. esculentus (okra), B. mannii (sran), I. gabonensis (kplé) and leaves of C. olitorius (kplala) collected. The mucilage of different plants has been extracted. Vitamins and mineral contents, daily intake and the contributions to daily recommended intake of mucilage have been evaluated. Results: Mucilage contained in different plants is: B. mannii (63.00 +/- 2.69%), I. gabonensis (56.34 +/- 5.44%), A. esculentus (34.86 +/- 5.27%) and C. olitorius (25.81 +/- 4.13%). Concerning β- Carotene is present in A. esculentus (113 +/- 21.28 RE/100 g) and C. olitorius (245 +/- 15.10 RE/100 g). For vitamin contents, we have: thiamine (0.07 +/- 0.01 to 0.08 +/- 0.11 mg/100 g) and pyridoxine (0.01 +/- 0.01 to 0.05 +/- 0.001 mg/100 g). Different contents have been observed for mineral like K (1.26 +/- 0.04 to 3.16 +/- 0.06 g/100 g) and P (0.27 +/- 0.01 to 1.07 +/- 0.13 g/100 g). At the level of Ca and Mg, contents varied respectively from 0.03 +/- 0.01 to 0.79 +/- 0.05 g/100 g and from 18 +/- 0.09 to 1143 +/- 0.04 mg/100 g. Mucilage consumption generated different daily intake: β- carotene (7.91 +/- 0.25 to 44.10 +/- 5.34 mRE/day), α- tocopherol (0.04 +/- 0.41 to 1.22 +/- 0.05 µg/day), phylloquinone (0.02 +/- 0.47 to 0.09 +/- 0.04 µg/day) and thiamine (0.02 +/- 0.19 to 0.14 +/- 0.22 µg/day). For mineral, daily intake varied: K (1.10 +/- 0.74 to 3.20 +/- 0.05 mg/day), Ca (0.03 +/- 0.22 to 1.22 +/- 0.55 mg/day) and Fe (3 +/- 0.01 to 75 +/- 0.58 µg/day). The consumption of mucilage provided an increase in Ca and Fe in relation to mucilaginous plants.   Conclusion: Mucilage extracted is rich in mineral. Mucilaginous plants consumption must be increase.