1D M₂X₃Y₈ Ternary Transition Metal Chalcogenide Nanowires: Recent Advances in Synthesis, Properties, and Device Applications

Abstract

One-dimensional (1D) nanowires have emerged as a key class of low-dimensional materials with significant potential for next-generation electronic, photonic, and energy applications. Among these, ternary transition metal chalcogenides with the general formula M₂X₃Y₈ represent a unique family of intrinsically one-dimensional systems characterized by strong anisotropic bonding and exceptional structural stability. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in the synthesis, structural characteristics, and physical properties of M₂X₃Y₈ nanowires. Particular emphasis is placed on synthesis strategies including solid-state reactions, chemical vapor transport, and flux-assisted growth methods. The electronic, optoelectronic, and surface properties of these materials are critically discussed in relation to their performance in devices such as field-effect transistors, photodetectors, and gas sensors. Furthermore, the influence of dimensionality and structural variations on band structure and transport behavior is examined. Finally, current challenges, including scalability, device integration, and performance optimization, are outlined alongside future research directions. This review aims to provide a consolidated framework for understanding and advancing M₂X₃Y₈ nanowires in emerging nanoscale technologies.