Prevalence, Gender and Age Distribution, and Species Identification of Malarial Parasites at the University of Port Harcourt Primary Health Care Centre

Abstract

Background: Malaria remains a leading cause of morbidity in Rivers State, Nigeria. Species and demographic distribution are essential for guiding targeted control measures. Objective: To determine the Prevalence, Gender and Age Distribution, and Species Identification of Malarial Parasites at the University of Port Harcourt Primary Health Care Centre. Methods: A cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted from May to August 2020. A total of 376 blood samples were examined using the CareStart Malaria HRP2 Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) and peripheral blood film microscopy with Giemsa staining for species identification and parasitic density. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0. Results: Of 376 samples examined, 20 (5.3%) were positive for malaria. Females had a higher prevalence (7.39%; 15/203) compared to males (2.91%; 5/172). P. falciparum was the predominant species (90%). Among positive cases, 70% had high parasite density (≥10,000 parasites/µL). Conclusion: Malaria prevalence at Lulu Briggs Health Centre was relatively low (5.3%), possibly reflecting effective local vector control efforts. P. falciparum was the dominant species. Females and the 0–14 age group were most commonly affected. The predominance of high parasite density cases reveals the importance of prompt diagnosis and treatment in this endemic population.