Estimation of Genetic Parameters in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Germplasm Lines for Yield and Its Contributing Traits

Abstract

Availability of appropriate genetic resources is a key to any crop improvement programme. The understanding and knowledge of genetic variation and genetic similarities present within individuals or populations are useful for the efficient use of genetic resources in breeding programme. Therefore, the present investigation was carried out to assess the variability, heritability and genetic advance in thirty-two sunflower germplasm lines for morphological characters. The analysis of variance revealed the presence of significant variability among the landraces of rice under study. Variability studies indicated that the estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were slightly higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the traits, indicating less influence of environment. Among all the characters under study, single plant yield exhibited highest PCV (38.64) and GCV (37.72), whereas lowest PCV (3.91) and GCV (3.49) were recorded for days to maturity. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean estimates were recorded for plant height, 100-seed weight and single plant yield, which indicated the preponderance of additive gene action in controlling these traits. Hence direct selection of these characters would be effective in improving the seed yield. Emphasis should be given on these characters, while selection is made to improve yield potential.