Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Cardamine uliginosa Bieb. Growing Wild in Eastern Region of Turkey

Abstract

Cardamine uliginosa Bieb. is a native plant belonging to Brassicaceae family which can used in ethnomedicine. This study was carried out to evaluate the essential oils composition of Cardamine uliginosa and its antibacterial activity. The plant sample was analyzed by GC/GC-MS system. Eventually twenty four components representing 91.2% of the total oil were identified. The obtained results proved the presence of twenty four components. The major component essential oil of this plant were identified as; limonene (32.6%), caryophyllene oxide (28.5%), b-caryophyllene (8.4%), p-cymene (3.4%), α-terpinolene (3.3%), β-pinene (2.4%), α-copaene (2.1%), α-longipinene (1.3%), d-cadinene (1.2%) and b-ocimene (1.0%) was determined. The antibacterial activity of the essential oil was determined against sixteen bacterium isolates by measuring inhibition zones produced by the oil. The antibacterial activity of C. uliginosa essential oil was tested using the disc diffusion method wherein the essential oil has shown notably antibacterial effect with the inhibition zone in diameter from 2 mm (for Pseudomonas aeruginosa DSM 50070) to 11 mm (for Bacillus subtilis IM 622), with the exception of Salmonella enterica ATCC 1331 and Salmonella typhimurium NRRLE 4413 where the oils haven’t shown antibacterial activity. Also weak inhibitory effect were observed against Enterobacter aerogenes CCM 2531, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa DSM 50070 and Proteus vulgaris. Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of the tested Cardamine uliginosa essential oil, obtained from plant material from the eastern region of Turkey, display a significant phytomedical potential.