What is the Impact of Serum Molecular Markers on the Diagnosis of Thyroid Cancers? A Comparison of Serum Molecular Markers with Invasive Biopsy Methods

Abstract

Background: Tissue molecular markers have taken their place as an effective, invasive method in the diagnosis of thyroid cancers. However, if the superiority of serum molecular markers to invasive diagnostic methods as a noninvasive method can be proven, it will have a great impact on the diagnostic approach and screening programs for thyroid nodules. Aim: The aim in this study is to investigate the effectiveness of serum molecular markers compared to invasive methods in the diagnosis of thyroid cancers. Methods: In our study, results obtained in publications in which serum molecular markers were used in the diagnosis of thyroid cancers and absolute sensitivity was measured were compared with the absolute sensitivity rates obtained in cases where invasive methods such as fine needle aspiration biopsy and core needle biopsy were used. The results were evaluated statistically. Results: In cases where serum molecular markers were used in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer, absolute sensitivity rates were found to be statistically significantly higher than invasive methods. Conclusion: According to the results we have obtained, molecular markers in serum are a noninvasive method that can be used safely in thyroid cancer screening, definitive diagnosis and follow-up. Although it is a noninvasive method, its definitive diagnosis rates are higher compared to methods such as invasive fine needle aspiration biopsy and core needle biopsy. Therefore, in the near future, it is likely to take a higher priority in the diagnostic approach and screening programs for thyroid nodules.