In Vitro Propagation and Rooting Ability of Wild Plum Genotypes (Prunus cerasifera Ehrh.)

Abstract

In this study, the propagation and rooting ability of wild plum (Prunus cerasifera Ehrh.) genotypes collected through selection was tested under in vitro conditions. During the propagation phase, 4 different BAP doses (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 mg/L-1) were applied to shoots from 6 genotypes (nos. 4, 9, 33, 42, 47, 49), while 5 different IBA doses (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 mg/L-1) were applied during the rooting phase. During the experiment, measurements were taken of the average shoot number, shoot length, leaf number, average root number, number of rooted plants, and root length for each genotype. As a result of the analyses, while the shoot length remained short at the doses with the highest shoot count, the highest shoot length was recorded at the 2 mg/L-1dose, where the shoot count decreased, for genotype 47 (4.97 cm). The average shoot number was 2, and genotype 49 was found to have the lowest shoot number in the 2 mg/L-1BAP medium. Genotype 47 reached the highest plant number 100, in the 1 mg/L-1BAP medium at the end of the third subculture. Again, in the 2 mg/L-1BAP medium, genotype 47 stood out with a shoot length of 4.97 cm and a leaf count of 16. The best rooting percentage was obtained in genotype 42 at a 2.0 mg/L-1IBA dose (88.71%) and in genotype 4 at a 1.5 mg/L-1 dose of 1.5 mg/L-1 (84.00%). Based on the general averages, the most effective IBA dose was 1.5 mg and 2 mg/L-1), with the highest rooting rate calculated at 68%. The 2.5 mg/L-1 IBA dose produced the highest number of roots and root length. The study showed that tissue culture protocols cannot be uniform and that genotypes respond differently to hormone doses. The P. cerasifera type of plum is an important species due to its strong adaptability, its cultivation being more economical than other species, its high tolerance to biotic and abiotic environmental conditions, and its preference as a rootstock. Detailed examination of these genotypes is required. It is important in terms of introducing new materials to breeding studies and conserving genetic resources.