Background: Bardet–Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a rare autosomal-recessive ciliopathy characterised by retinal dystrophy, postaxial polydactyly, hypogonadism, obesity, neurodevelopmental abnormalities, and renal involvement. Renal disease is heterogeneous and may progress to advanced...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/ijanr/2026/v9i1102
Background: Dense deposit disease (DDD), a rare subtype of C3 glomerulopathy, arises from dysregulation of the alternative complement pathway and is characterised by distinctive intramembranous, ribbon-like electron-dense deposits on electron microscopy. Its clinical presentation...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/ijanr/2026/v9i1101
Background: Combining extracts from different therapeutic plants to improve therapeutic efficacy has become a common traditional practice. Combinations of these plant extracts, with or without alcohol as a base, are termed alcohol-free or alcohol-based polyherbal formulations, re...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/ijanr/2026/v9i1100
Background: Urinary tract infections are common bacterial infections with important public health implications. Students may be exposed to behavioural and environmental factors that increase the risk of urinary tract infection, and knowledge of preventive measures may not always...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/ijanr/2026/v9i199
Background: Herbal plants are widely utilized in traditional medicine for the management of various health conditions; however, their safety profiles on vital organs require scientific validation. This study was designed to investigate the effects of graded doses of ethanolic ex...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/ijanr/2026/v9i198
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the leading causes of death. It is characterized by progressive decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), irreversible structural and functional kidney damage often associated with co-morbidities and multiple complications, including hype...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/ijanr/2026/v9i197
Introduction: Haemodialysis vascular access is pivotal as it impacts on the quality of care of chronic kidney disease patients, and guidelines recommend arteriovenous fistula (AVF) as the preferred access route for better outcomes. However, in resource-limited settings, there are...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/ijanr/2026/v9i196
Background: Venous Excess Ultrasound (VExUS) is increasingly used as a bedside tool to assess systemic venous congestion, but its prognostic value for renal deterioration and short-term clinical outcomes in acute heart failure and critical illness remains uncertain. We conducted...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/ijanr/2026/v9i195
Background: Serum uric acid has emerged as a clinically relevant biomarker in pregnancy due to its association with renal function, oxidative stress, and hypertensive disorders such as preeclampsia. The uric acid–creatinine ratio has been proposed as a more sensitive indicator of...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/ijanr/2026/v9i194
Background: Chronic kidney disease frequently progresses to end-stage renal disease, necessitating hemodialysis. This life-saving therapy alters the metabolic environment, making the continuous monitoring of biochemical parameters vital. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate re...
Open access
Research Article10.9734/ijanr/2026/v9i193