Public Health Implications of Gastrointestinal Helminths in Red Sokoto and Sahelian White Goats Slaughtered in Bauchi Metropolis

Abstract

Goat farming is a vital sector in Nigeria's agricultural economy, with Red Sokoto and Sahelian White breeds being prized for their meat, milk, and skin. However, gastrointestinal (GI) helminthiasis severely constrains productivity, causing economic losses and public health risks due to zoonotic transmission. This study aims to determine the prevalence and public health implications of gastrointestinal helminths in Red Sokoto and Sahelian White goats slaughtered at the Bauchi Central Abattoir, Bauchi Metropolis. A cross-sectional survey was conducted involving 200 randomly selected goats (110 Red Sokoto and 90 Sahelian White), utilising post-mortem examination and laboratory analysis of faecal samples to identify parasitic burdens. The results revealed an overall prevalence of 65.0%, with Sahelian White goats showing a slightly higher infection rate (66.67%) compared to Red Sokoto goats (63.64%). The study identified a diverse range of helminths, including nematodes such as Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus colubriformis, and Oesophagostomum columbianum, as well as trematodes like Fasciola species and cestodes including Moniezia expansa. Statistical analysis indicated no significant difference ( ) in infection rates between breeds or sexes, although adult goats and males exhibited marginally higher susceptibility. The presence of zoonotic parasites, particularly Fasciola species and Trichostrongylus, highlights a critical public health risk to consumers and abattoir workers. Consequently, the study recommends rigorous meat inspection protocols, improved abattoir sanitation, and public sensitisation on proper meat processing to mitigate the risk of zoonotic transmission and ensure food safety in the metropolis.