Study of Congenital Ocular Anomalies Prevalent in Routine Eye OPD in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

Aims: Congenital ocular anomalies require treatment, visual rehabilitation and genetic counselling. Goes undetected in neonates and children due to lack of routine eye checkup. Diagnosed later during eye examination or when come for disability certificate. Study Design: Prospective and observational study. Place and Duration of Study: We conducted study at tertiary care hospital, over a period of six months (from January 2018 to June 2018). Methodology: Patients with congenital ocular anomalies irrespective of their age were identified. Findings were confirmed by detailed ocular examination and investigations when required. Whatever best management like correcting refractive error, surgery, low vision aids or rehabilitation was advised. Those having acquired defects giving similar appearance as in congenital anomalies, cases of ocular trauma, infections, with prior surgical intervention were excluded. Results: Over a period of six months 128 eyes were detected with congenital ocular anomalies. The most common anomalies were microphthalmos, microcornea and iris coloboma seen in 85 eyes. Other congenital anomalies were congenital cataract, nystagmus, anophthalmos, aniridia, congenital glaucoma, Ankyloblepharon, coloboma of disc, congenital esotropia, lid coloboma, congenital ptosis, axenfield anomaly, limbal dermoid. Conclusion: Patient with congenital ocular anomalies and their parents should be counseled regarding possible current treatment, visual prognosis and genetic counselling regardless of age and time of presentation.