Activity Guided Fractionation with Antimicrobial Evaluation of Pergularia tomentosa L. (Asclepiadacea) Whole Plant

Abstract

This research work aimed to present the activity guided fractionation with antimicrobial evaluation from both crude extract and various fractions obtained from Pergularia tomentosa L. whole plant. The P. tomentosa L. whole plant was extracted with 95% aqueous ethanol; fractionated into acidic, basic, polar and nonpolar fractions. All fractions with the crude extract were screened for both antimicrobial and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) potentialities. For crude extract, all concentrations (1.5, 0.75, 0.35, & 0.168 mg/ml) indicated marginal antibacterial activity with range of 17, 20, 14 mm zone of inhibition for S. aureus, E. coli and C. albicans. While, both basic fraction showed highest activity against E. coli and C. albicans at 15 mm & 15 mm; along with acidic and methanolic fraction haven large spectrum against S. aureus, E. coli andC. albicans at 13, 12, 12 mm. Moreover hexane did not showed antimicrobial activity for both S. aureus and C. albicans except for E. coli which showed activity at 12 mm. The study clearly indicated that basic fraction showed highest antimicrobial activity for selected micro-organisms with lower minimum inhibitory concentration which ranges from 18.75 µg/ml to 150 µg/ml. Followed by wider spectrum of antimicrobial activity for acidic and methanolic fraction against all tested organisms with minimum inhibitory concentration from 75 µg/ml to 150 µg/ml; while 300 µg/ml (MIC) stand for hexane fraction. Thus, P. tomentosa L. particularly, the basic fraction (alkaloid) and, both acidic and neutral fractions will be centered areas for further scientific research findings in isolating an active antimicrobial component therein.