Allelopathy Effects of Silver Nanoparticle Synthesis by Green Method from Pulicaria undulate

Abstract

Nanotechnology nowadays has good potential application in many fields, especially in agriculture and industries. This study investigated the allelopathic effects of aqueous extract of Pulicaria undulate and nanoparticle synthesis by eco-friendly method from silver nitrate and water extract of Pulicaria undulate on seed germination of two weeds species. Aqueous extract and silver Nanoparticles plant extract (AgNPs) had an inhibitory effect on seed germination of common (Lepidium sativum, and Trifolium repens) as compared with control. Lpidum stavium seed germination was inhibited by nanoparticle and water plant extract at 100% concentration at the end of 10 day incubation period, at low concentration 25% of aqueous extract and AgNPs the germination ratio of L. sativium reached (30% and 5%) where for Trifolium repens the germination ratio were (50% and 0% respectively). Nanoparticle are green synthesis by simple methods, using the aqueous extract of pulclaria leave and silver nitrate, the confirmation of nanoparticle was done by different methods UV-Vis spectroscopy (UV–Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The UV-visible spectra revealed the absorption peak at 449 nm, while the emission peak of Ag was detected at 466 nm. SEM analysis revealed that the synthesis of Ag NPs was spherical in shape and has an average size (13.3-23.8 nm). The concentration of plant showed a dangerous role in size and dispersion of NPs, the decrease occurs at low concentration this confirms the plant are oxidizing in nature. Herein we suggest the use of nanoparticle synthesis from Ag nitrate and aqueous extract of Pulicaria undulate as herbicide instead of synthetic herbicide after further studies to confirm the results.