A Retrospective Study on Fibrous Osteodystrophy (FOD) in Goats

Abstract

Aim: To know the occurrence of Fibrous Osteodystrophy (FOD) in goats in and around Hyderabad and to study the clinical signs and management of the FOD. Study Design: The goats that were presented to C.V.Sc, Rjendra Nagar and referred from various dispensaries in and around Hyderabad with bilateral maxillary or mandibular swelling formed the material for the study. The occurrence of FOD based on breed, age and gender was analyzed. Place and Duration of Study: The present study was conducted on goats presented to Veterinary Clinical Complex (VCC), College of Veterinary Science, Rajendra Nagar, Hyderabad during the period from April 2024 to September 2024. Methodology: All the suspected goats were screened for FOD. They were subjected for hemato-biochemical, FNAC and Radiography. Feed analysis of the feed offered to these affected goats were also carried out. The data obtained was subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Out of 552 goats screened, 14 were diagnosed with FOD. Male animals aged below 1 year and Malabari breed goats were most commonly affected. The major clinical sings recorded were difficulty in prehension and mastication, protrusion of tongue, dyspnea, bilateral maxillary & mandibular swelling. Clinical examination findings were unremarkable. Serum biochemical examination revealed hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia with elevation of ALP levels. FNAC of affected bones revealed osteoclasts, chondrocytes and occasional fibroblasts. Radiographic findings in affected goats were radiolucent and decreased bone density at maxillary and mandibular areas. The nutritional origin of the disease was confirmed through reduced Ca:P ratio in the diet. Group I goats received treatment with 23% CBG, injection of Vitamin AD3E (once weekly), syrup Aluminium Hydroxide as a phosphate binder, and fluid therapy. In addition to the Group I protocol, Group II goats were also administered Inj. Nandrolone weekly. Notably, Group II goats showed marked clinical improvement compared to those in Group I. Conclusion: High phosphorus and low calcium containing diets are attributed to FOD. Nandrolone decanoate can be used as novel therapy to promote bone mineralization and to increase bone density in FOD cases along with dietary correction.