Pharmacology of Vaccines against Coronavirus Disease in Clinical Use Globally: A Review

Abstract

Following the lethal nature of the coronavirus disease and the high transmissibility of the disease, a concerted effort has been made throughout the world to produce viable and affordable vaccines to curb the impact of the disease globally. Various technologies have employed in the process of developing vaccines against the coronavirus disease. Adverse events following immunization is very common in patients receiving immunological and biological products. These events are characterized by some serious clinical manifestations in the patients. Over three thousand, five hundred adverse events reports were made by clients receiving some coronavirus vaccines in the United States of America by the center for disease control in June, 2021. Some of the features manifested by the patients include: convulsions, irregular heart beats, serious abdominal discomfort and signs resembling cerebrovascular accidents. Well over one thousand case reports of inflammation of the heart muscles and the pericardium were reported to the Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting system following the inoculation with mRNA-based coronavirus vaccine produced by Moderna and Pfizer-BioNtech pharmaceutical companies in the United States of America (USA) according to the CDC reports in April, 2021.