Major Causes of Organ Condemnation and Estimated Financial Loss in Dromedary Camels Slaughtered at Jigjiga Municipal Abattoir, Somali Regional State, Ethiopia

Abstract

A cross sectional study was conducted between November 2018 to June 2019 with the aim of determining the prevalence of causes of organ condemnation with associated potential risk factors and estimating the magnitude of the direct economic losses from rejected organs. A total of 432 camels slaughtered at Jigjiga Municipal Abattoir abattoir were rondomly selected; 180(59%) male, 103(81%) female, and in age 102(60.7%) young, 181(68.6%) adult, and in body condition score; poor 41(97.6%), medium 98(81.6%), and good 144(53.3%). Based on origin of the animal, 16(22.2%), 20(34.5%), 3(23.1%), 19(29.7%), 29(19.7%), 16(20.5%) from Jigjiga, Dahagbur, Kabridahar, Fik, Babile, Shinile were detected one or more pathological signs respectively. During antemortem examination 140(32.36%) camels showed various abnormalities. such as localized lesions 52(12.03%), local swelling 18(4.16%), lacrimation 17(3.93%), nasal discharge 15(3.47%), rough hair coat 13(3.00%), lamness 12(2.77%), depression 8(1.85%) and blindness 5(3.57%). Upon postmortem inspection, the overall prevalence was 504(29.1%); 254(58.7%) lungs, 203(46.9%) liver, 40(9.25%) heart, 7(1.6%) kidneys were condemned. Some of the major cause of lung condemned were due to 103(23.8%) hydatid cyst, 68(15.7%) emphysema, and 48(11.1%) pneumonia. Lvier rejection were due to hydatid cyst, 25(5.8%) calcification, 82(19.0%) cirrhosis. Heart condemnation were due to 9(2.1%) calcified cyst, 4(0.9%) pericaditis, 13(3.0%) hydatid cyst. Kidney rejection rate were caused by 3(0.7%) hydatid cyst, 4(4.0%) hydronephritis. There was statistically significant between body condtion score, and sex of the animal with the rate of organ condemnation (P<0.05). While, age and origin of the animal were not statistically significant with the prevelance of organ condemnation (P>0.05). Lung and liver were most commonly condemned organs followed by heart and kidney in camel slaughtered at Jigjiga Municipal Abattoir. The financial loss due to edible organs condemned in this study was estimated to 773,143,000 ETB / 16,734,696.97 USD. Therefore, appropriate strategies should be established for prevention, and control of this level of condemnation rate of organs and to sustain the massive monetory loss caused by the rate of organs condemned in the studied area.