Assessment of Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance of Rice Genotypes (Oryza sativa L.)

Abstract

The present investigation was carriedout with 25 rice genotypes. The evaluation was taken under three different environmental locations based on 11 quantitative traits. The trials were laid out in RBD with three replications at Students Instructional Farm, MES (Main Experimental Station) and Agronomy Farm of A.N.D.U.A.T., Kumarganj, Ayodhya. The environment-wise analysis of variance and pooled analysis of variance for three environments covering one crop seasons, revealed high significant mean squares for all the eleven characters under evaluation. Considering the mean performance of genotypes for different environmental conditions, the genotypes viz. T-3, Kavery Sampoorna, NDRK-11-27, Moti Gold and NDRK-11-29 were exhibiting high mean performance for grain yield per plant and some of its important components under irrigated condition. Three genotypes, T-3, Kavery Sampoorna, NDRK-11-27 possessed highest grain yield per plant among 25 genotypes across three environments. A wide range of phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variability was observed. The high magnitude (>20%) of PCV along with GCV observed for productive biological yield per plant (34.88), grain yield per plant (33.41%), L/B ratio (24.76) while high GCV recorded in biological yield per plant (31.00%), grain yield per plant (25.14%), no. of spikelet per panicle (21.15%). Moderate estimates of PCV along with GCV were recorded for harvest index (17.75%), panicle length (15.21%), plant height (13.6%) and days to 50% flowering (12.41%) and GCV were recorded productive tiller per plant (17.92%), harvest index (15.28%), leaf area index (13.81%), L/B ratio (13.55%), plant height (12.37%), days to 50% flowering (11.98%) and panicle length (10.75%).  The magnitude of heritability in broad sense varied between 93.28% in case of days to 50% flowering to 27.37% in case of L/B ratio. The high estimation of heritability recorded into days to 50% flowering (93.28%) followed by plant height (82.72%), biological yield per plant (78.99%), spikelet fertility (75.70%). moderate estimates of heritability were reported for harvest index (74.08%), productive tiller per plant (69.72%), number of fertile spikelet per panicle (66.78%). while low estimates of heritability were reported in case of L/B ratio (27.37), leaf area index (31.14%). High heritability along with high genetics advance in percent of mean was recorded for days to 50% flowering indicating the preponderance of additive gene action.