Biological Activities and Phytochemical Constituents in the Stimulatory Potential of Tithonia diversifolia Fermented Extracts: A Review

Abstract

The world food production must increase by 70% to feed this massive population through the use of chemical inputs in the new millennium. Crop culture is challenged by parasitic constraints, seedlings unavailability and soil fertility issues, which can severely reduce productivity. However, the repeated uses of chemical inputs negatively impact environment, plant and human health equilibrium. So, pathogen resistance, seedling quality and plant fertilization are severely concerned over the course of time. In this context, the use of a plant extract as Tithonia diversifolia, could be a good natural alternative to chemical inputs stimulants. The lack of knowledge of phytochemical constituents involving biologicals activities in liquid form of T. diversifolia extract, need to be improved to ensure their labeling. This study reviews biological activities and main phytochemical constituents in the stimulatory potential of T. diversifolia fermented liquid extracts. The stimulatory potential bio-efficacy of T. diversifolia extracts concerns the combination of biocontrol and green fertilizer effects. The green manure is conducted by watering or mulching on varied crops, such as rice, maize or plantain banana. Existing concerns are to expand the information amounts concerning the stimulating properties of the bioactive compounds contained in the fermented liquid extracts. It would be a key to fully demonstrate their effectiveness in stimulating the mechanism of plant growth and the protection against phytopathogens. However, this review updates on the challenge of the possibility to characterize the major bioactive compounds in the extracts. The other challenge of this current work is to suggest an eco-responsible and biological labeling product based on T. diversifolia fermented liquid extract.