An Alum Loaded Macrophage Driven Autoimmune Myopathy

Abstract

Immune mediated diseases and syndromes are rare and attributed at most to genetic and environmental interactions. Macrophagic Myofasciitis MMF is one of these syndromes sub-entities. In the present opinion the immunobiology of MMF was being reviewed. The molecular autoimmune mechanisms can be as follows; concurrent release of alum nano-molecules are taken up by macrophage persist in, combine with cellular proteins forming metalloprotein. It is now modified cellular protein in a modified macrophage which have DC marker, but still of macrophage morphology. Metalloprotein, when being extracellular on cellular burst or on diffusion to extracellular space will reach immune cells, in presence of; chronic induction, pathogenic allele, the HLA DR1 01 and the affected tissue microenvironment. Molecular mimicry, antigen bystander and/or epitope spreading response may operate and autoimmune tissue changes happened within continuum of granulomatous lesion developed in skeletal muscle at the injection site. Modified macrophage may migrate to regional lymph node and spleen the finally reach the brain. As a result, disturbance occurs in skeletal muscle functions and in brain cognition function.