Concomitance of Hematological and Urinary Parameters with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) among Pregnant Women in Ikere-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria

Abstract

The hematological and urinary parameters can serve as indicators of susceptibilities of pregnant women to infectious diseases. Early detection of such fatal infections like Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) can go a long way in mitigating perinatal mortality. This study evaluates the frequency of occurrence of HIV in pregnant women with a set of hematological and urinary parameters. Four hundred (400) pregnant women in Ikere-Ekiti in Ekiti-state, stratified in age groups were recruited in the study. Blood and urine samples were examined for blood group, packed cell volume (PCV), HIV status and some urine parameters. In the results, the age range (25-29) had the highest number (144) among the pregnant women while age range ≥35 had the least. Women in blood group O had the highest number (54%), this is followed by group B (21.5%) and group A while group AB (4.5%) had the least. The prevalence of HIV among the different blood groups (A, B, AB and O) was respectively 0.5%, 1.5%, 2.0% and 0.3%, the overall prevalence of HIV was 17(4.3%) and the highest occurred in the age group ≥35. Women of rhesus positive had the highest prevalence of HIV (4.0%). The 3.0% of 49% who were anemic had HIV infection. The incidence of positivity to some urine parameters among the pregnant women who were positive to HIV were glucose (0.3%), protein (0.5%), ketone and nitrite 0%. From these results, there might be a relationship between some hematological and urinary parameters with HIV status among the pregnant women, further studies will involve carrying out metabolomics study to ascertain the real relationship.