Skip to content
Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

Distribution, Characterization and Health Risk Assessment of Manganese in Vegetables and Root Tubers from Gokana, Rivers State, Nigeria

K. W. Nkpaa, B. A. Amadi, M. O. Wegwu

Annual Research & Review in Biology · pp. 1–10 · Published 25 Mar 2019

10.9734/arrb/2019/v31i130038

Abstract

Food safety and toxic metals accumulation in agricultural soil and food crops grown on such soils are major concern globally as a result of their significant health risks. This study was designed to evaluate the Manganese (Mn) level in vegetables, root tubers and agricultural soils in six communities in Gokana, Rivers State, Nigeria. Mn transfer from soil-to-plant, average daily intake, and human health risk were also calculated. The level of Mn in vegetables and root tubers ranged between 2.19±0.23 – 28.4±1.27 mg/kg and 8.11±0.99 – 56.4±2.12 mg/kg, respectively. While Mn in vegetables and root tubers associated soils ranged between 27.1±1.18 - 88.4±1.77 mg/kg and 33.4±1.84 - 92.3±1.39 mg/kg, respectively across the various study sites. The higher bio-concentration factor (BCF) was obtained for cassava from B-Dere, Gbe and Bodo City. About 55.2% of THQ calculated were > 1. In this study, the daily intake of Mn via the consumption of vegetables and root tubers are more likely to pose severe health risks to the exposed population in Gokana and children are more susceptible to Mn toxicity than adults.

Food safety manganese vegetables root tubers health risk Gokana

References (39)

  1. 1 Hazards of heavy metal contamination [DOI]
  2. 2 Neurobehavioural effects of developmental toxicity [DOI]
  3. 3 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology [DOI]
  4. 4 Water Manganese Exposure and Children’s Intellectual Function in Araihazar, Bangladesh [DOI]
  5. 5 Health risk assessment of heavy metals via dietary intake of foodstuffs from the wastewater irrigated site of a dry tropical area of India [DOI]
  6. 6 Heavy metal accumulation in vegetables irrigated with water from different sources [DOI]
  7. 7 Presence of heavy metals in fruits and vegetables: Health risk implications in Bangladesh [DOI]
  8. 8 Accumulation of heavy metals in leaf vegetables from agricultural soils and associated potential health risks in the Pearl River Delta, South China [DOI]
  9. 9 Manganese and Parkinson’s Disease: A Critical Review and New Findings [DOI]
  10. 10 Heavy metals in agricultural soils and crops and their health risks in Swat District, northern Pakistan [DOI]
  11. 11 Source apportionment and health risk assessment of trace metals in surface soils of Beijing metropolitan, China [DOI]
  12. 12 Manganese neurotoxicity: Cellular effects and blood-brain barrier transport [DOI]
  13. 13 Neurobehavioral Function in School-Age Children Exposed to Manganese in Drinking Water [DOI]
  14. 14 Ecological and human health risk assessment of heavy metal contamination in soil of a municipal solid waste dump in Uyo, Nigeria [DOI]
  15. 15 The diagnosis of manganese-induced parkinsonism [DOI]
  16. 16 Metals in leafy vegetables grown in Addis Ababa and toxicological implications [DOI]
  17. 17 Manganese exposure: Neuropsychological and neurological symptoms and effects in welders [DOI]
  18. 18 Heavy metals health risk assessment for population via consumption of food crops and fruits in Owerri, South Eastern, Nigeria [DOI]
  19. 19 Instances of Soil and Crop Heavy Metal Contamination in China [DOI]
  20. 20 Application of biochar to soil reduces cancer risk via rice consumption: A case study in Miaoqian village, Longyan, China [DOI]
  21. 21 Impairment of nigrostriatal dopamine neurotransmission by manganese is mediated by pre‐synaptic mechanism(s): implications to manganese‐induced parkinsonism [DOI]
  22. 22 Heavy metal levels of some fruits and leafy vegetables from selected markets in Lagos, Nigeria [DOI]
  23. 23 Biomarkers of cadmium and arsenic interactions [DOI]
  24. 24 Health risk assessment and multivariate apportionment of trace metals in wild leafy vegetables from Lesser Himalayas, Pakistan [DOI]
  25. 25 Elevated airborne manganese and low executive function in school-aged children in Brazil [DOI]
  26. 26 Trace metal uptake by tropical vegetables grown on soil amended with urban sewage sludge [DOI]
  27. 27 Globus pallidus: a target brain region for divalent metal accumulation associated with dietary iron deficiency [DOI]
  28. 28 Essential Heavy Metals in Environmental Samples from Western India [DOI]
  29. 29 Heavy Metals Bioconcentration from Soil to Vegetables and Assessment of Health Risk Caused by Their Ingestion [DOI]
  30. 30 Soil-plant-man relationships in heavy metal polluted areas in Romania [DOI]
  31. 31 Mechanisms of Manganese-Induced Rat Pheochromocytoma (PC12) Cell Death and Cell Differentiation [DOI]
  32. 32 Health risk assessment of hazardous metals for population via consumption of seafood from Ogoniland, Rivers State, Nigeria; a case study of Kaa, B-Dere, and Bodo City [DOI]
  33. 33 Studies on heavy metals status and their uptake by vegetables in adjoining areas of Hudiara drain in Lahore
  34. 34 Neuropsychiatric symptoms and past manganese exposure in a ferro-alloy plant [DOI]
  35. 35 Heavy metals bioconcentration from soil to vegetables and appraisal of health risk in Koka and Wonji farms, Ethiopia [DOI]
  36. 36 Heavy metals levels in shellfish from Bodo City and B-Dere, Ogoniland, Rivers State, Nigeria, and evaluation of possible health risks to consumers [DOI]
  37. 37 Importance of Considering the Framework Principles in Risk Assessment for Metals [DOI]
  38. 38 Hair Manganese and Hyperactive Behaviors: Pilot Study of School-Age Children Exposed Through Tap Water [DOI]
  39. 39 Cadmium Accumulation in Soil and Crops and Pollution Risks to Human Health Under Different Land Use Types

Cited by 4

Assessment of Trace Elements and their Health Impacts from Vegetable Consumption in the Vicinity of the Lolodorf Uranium Deposit, Southern Cameroon

Bonaventure Mvogo Aloa, Jean Félix Beyala Ateba, Cebastien Joel Guembou Shouop · Biological Trace Element Research · 2025

Showing 2 of 4 known citations — external sources report more than can currently be individually listed.

Article metrics

Real usage data collected on this platform.

63

Page views

0

PDF downloads

37

Outbound clicks

4

Citations

Views over time

Views by country

Approximate, from request IP at view time — not citizenship or institution. Countries with fewer than 5 views are grouped as "Other".

Traffic sources

Referring site, by host.

Views and downloads exclude known bots/crawlers. Citations combines this platform's own DOI-resolved index with each external source's own reported total — see Cited by above for individually listed citing works. Last refreshed 0 seconds ago.