Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae among Different Hospitals in Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Objective: Present Study was directed to examine the pervasiveness, antibiotics resistance and susceptibility array in Streptococcus pneumoniae gram positive and gram negative isolated strains. Methodology: In current study, 6549 suspected samples were proceeded to confirm pneumonia positive cases obtained from various hospitals. Gram positive and gram negative strains were isolated and characterized by conventional biochemical techniques. Antibiotic susceptibility test was carried out using the disk diffusion test according to the Clinical and Standard Laboratory Institute guidelines (CLSI). Further, streptococcus based isolates were investigated using MacConkey agar.    Results: A total number of 6549 suspected clinically samples were collected and 3716 (56.7%) pneumonia cases were confirmed to be positive. More than half of the confirmed cases fall in the age of 20-65 years and male proportion was found to be 64%. Interestingly, 98.2% of the cases were hospital acquired pneumoniae (HAP). P. aeruginosa most widely recognized isolate both hospital and community acquired (CA) etiological agent contributed 18.4% and 32.2% proportion respectively. Conclusion: Clinicians ought to know that average observational pneumonia treatment administrations may not function admirably because of the diverse microbes. This requires sputum examining before beginning treatment for recognizable proof and affectability testing subsequent to a solitary measurement of antimicrobial treatment preceding pneumonia finding might impede the discovery of the causative specialists.