Chemical Characterization of Anthocleista djalonensis A. Chev. and Uvaria chamae P. Beauv. Extracts as Potential Insecticides of Stored Products against Infestation

Abstract

The bioactive compounds in Anthocleista djalonensis stem bark and Uvaria chamae root bark, through the standard procedures of phytochemical analysis and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, were investigated for 30 days at the Science Technology Laboratory, Ibadan, and Department of Chemistry, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. Fresh samples of the study plants were sourced, cleaned, dried, extracted, and concentrated for the analyses. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, phenols, steroids, cardiac glycosides, terpenoids, and anthraquinone in both test samples. The GC-MS profiling results for A. djalonensis stem bark and U. chamae root bark revealed the presence of 50 and 46 compounds, respectively. Insecticidal compounds such as n-Hexadecanoic acid, 9, 12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z, Z), Octadecanoic acid, and 9, 17-Octadecadienal (Z) -, cyclobarbital were identified. Bioactive compounds such as steroids, esters, fatty acids, phenols, terpenoids, alkaloids, organosilicon, aromatics, alcohols, and Central Nervous System depressants (CNS depressants) were profiled. New compound, cyclobarbital, was newly profiled in both study samples. The presence of the detected compounds in the plants could be responsible for their insecticidal activities and, thus, recommended as stored product protectants.