Efficacy of Ash Concentration in Dry Fruit Storage of Capparis decidua (Kair): An Important Underutilised and Multipurpose Shrub of the Hot Arid Region of India

Abstract

Capparis decidua (Forssk.) Edgew., commonly known as Kair, is a desert-adapted shrub valued for its nutritional and medicinal properties. Due to its seasonal availability, effective preservation methods are essential to ensure year-round utilization. The present study aimed to evaluate and standardize traditional ash-based preservation techniques for dried Kair while assessing their efficacy in maintaining quality and minimizing adulteration risks. The experiment was conducted in completely randomized design (CRD) with three replicates and stored in zipper polythene bags for 24 months at room temperature. Treatments included sun-drying, blanching, and the use of ash at varying concentrations (5–20%), with parameters assessed over two years. Significant differences were observed in moisture content and weight loss across treatments, with T4 (blanched and sundried + 15% wood ash) demonstrating the least deterioration and best stability. Insect incidence was notably high in untreated samples (T1, T2), whereas ash-based treatments (T4–T6) recorded zero infestations over both years. Sensory evaluations revealed that T4 achieved the highest overall acceptability (mean score: 4.46), whereas excessive ash levels led to minor declines in sensory appeal. The results affirm that ash, especially at 15% concentration combined with blanching and sun drying, is effective in preserving dried Kair. The study supports the valuable traditional method of preservation and advocates against adulteration (e.g., plaster of Paris), and offers a standardized approach to safe, sustainable preservation.