Evaluating UNICEF’s Communication Strategies in Combating the Six Primary Childhood Mortality Diseases in Plateau State

Abstract

This study evaluates UNICEF’s communication-for-development (C4D) strategies aimed at reducing six major childhood mortality diseases (measles, poliomyelitis, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, and tuberculosis) in Plateau State, Nigeria. Using a cross-sectional survey design, 400 questionnaires were distributed across the three senatorial districts, and 367 valid responses were recovered (response rate 91.8%). Data was collected using a structured questionnaire with seven-point Likert items and analysed using frequency and percentage distributions. Results indicate high awareness of the six diseases (90.7%) and substantial reach of UNICEF campaigns (81.0% awareness of campaigns). Respondents reported that mass media, interpersonal communication (health workers/community volunteers), and engagement with religious/traditional leaders were effective strategies, with 84.6% agreeing that multiple communication channels are used and 87.7% indicating improved disease awareness. However, gaps remain in consistent application across localities and in digital engagement. Based on findings, we recommend strengthening local language content, formalising community volunteer training, piloting SMS/WhatsApp reminders in targeted LGAs, and expanding monitoring and feedback mechanisms. These findings provide actionable guidance for UNICEF and state health actors seeking to optimise communication strategies for immunisation and child survival.