Evaluation of Grape Genotypes for Growth, Leaf Physiology and Yield Attributes in Ten Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) Cultivars

Abstract

Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) is an economically important fruit crop with wide adaptability and significant nutritional value. However, variability in growth, physiology, and yield among cultivars across agroclimatic conditions necessitates evaluation to identify high-performing genotypes for improved productivity. The study was conducted for the evaluation of Growth, Leaf Physiological traits and yield attributes of ten grape cultivars. These grape genotypes were collected across the regions of Then Palani and Odaipatti in the Theni district of Tamil Nadu, as well as from the Indian Institute of Horticulture (IIHR, Bangalore). Pandal system and Y Trellis method of training are followed in the grapevine and the age of the plant is 12 years. Freshly harvested grape leaves and berry samples were collected and analysed. The study was conducted at Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore. The experimental data were collected as per the standard procedure and analysed using a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. The results states that the highest number of bunches per vine are seen in Manjari Medika (53), Bangalore Blue (52), and Super Sonaka (48). Jyothi has more fruitful cane (37), followed by Madhu Angoor (31) and Manjari Medika (35). Bangalore Blue (167.4), Jyothi (198.2), and H-516 (210.1) have the largest leaf area. Super Sonaka has a higher relative water content (76.3), followed by Manjari Medika (73.19) and Red Globe (70.14). The Average Bunch Weight is higher for Red Globe (814.67), Madhu Angoor (342.67), and Super Sonaka (308). Super Sonaka has the highest average number of berries per bunch (152.31), followed by Madhu Angoor (134.31) and Muscat (91.0). Red Globe known for its higher bunch weight and berry density, whereas Manjari Medika and Super Sonaka are recognised as high-yielding genotypes because of their superior bunch quantity and water relations. Overall, Red Globe excelled in bunch weight and berry density, while Manjari Medika and Super Sonaka emerged as high-yielding cultivars due to superior bunch number and water relations. These findings highlight the variability among grape genotypes and their suitability for improving productivity under different cultivation conditions.