Extraction Optimization for Comparative Phytochemical Profiling and Antioxidant Properties of Calotropis procera Leaves and Zanthoxylum decaryi Barks

Abstract

Calotropis procera and Zanthoxylum decaryi are endemic plants of Madagascar that have recently attracted scientific interest due to their invasive nature and their potential valorization as sustainable biomass resources. Those two plant materials are traditionally used in different ethno medicines to cure ailments. The study focuses on the phytochemical analysis and antioxidant evaluation of Calotropis procera leaves (CPL) and Zanthoxylum decaryi bark (ZDB), two endemic plant species of Madagascar with promising applications in pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations. The main objectives are: (1) To characterize the phytochemical composition of CPL and ZDB; (2) To assess their antioxidant activity using spectrophotometric assays (TPC, DPPH, ABTS); and (3) To perform qualitative and quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds via LC-MS. Limited information is available regarding the detailed chemical composition of these plants and their specific parts. This study aims to address this knowledge gap through comprehensive phytochemical screening and the evaluation of their antioxidant activities. A better understanding of these plants would help to manage them correctly in the wild.Indeed, they are two endangered species, making their promotion within the modern scientific community crucial. Besides, the study ofnatural products, including those two Malagasy plants, is of huge relevance in the current scientific context.