Isolation and Characterization of Microorganisms from Fermented Cayenne Pepper Obtained from Markets within Enugu Metropolis

Abstract

The study investigates the microbial diversity in fermented cayenne pepper sourced from four markets within Enugu metropolis. Fermented foods, including cayenne pepper, are notable for their unique flavors, nutritional benefits, and extended shelf life. This research aims to isolate and characterize the microorganisms present in fermented cayenne pepper, identifying predominant species and evaluating variations in microbial composition across different markets. Samples were collected from Ogbete, Orie-Emene, Abakpa, and Obiagu markets, fermented for 21 days, and analyzed microbiologically using standard techniques. The study revealed diverse bacterial populations, including Streptococcus lactis, Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Enterococcus faecalis. Fungal isolates identified were Mucor spp., Aspergillus niger, Rhodotorulla spp., and Geotricum spp. Ogbete market exhibited the highest bacterial load (6.67 x 10³ CFU/ml), while Abakpa had the least (1.68 x 10³ CFU/ml). Bacterial occurrence was significantly higher across the market with frequency values above 79%. While fungi were below 21% in all cases. The study identifies the impact of environmental conditions and market practices on the microbial ecology of fermented foods, offering insights for optimizing food safety and quality control.