Frequency of Haemoglobin Genotype Variants, ABO and Rh ‘D’ Antigen among Madonna Undergraduates of South East Origin, Nigeria

Abstract

Haemoglobin genotype variants, ABO and Rh blood groups are known to vary from one population to another.  Standard electrophoretic and haemagglutination techniques were employed in testing the blood samples. Of the 150 test subjects screened, HbAA in the male subjects were 58(48.0%) and 63(52.0%) in the female counterparts. The frequency of distribution of HbAA, HbAS, and HbSS in the subject were 121 (80.7%), 28 (18.7%) and 1 (0.6%). Also HbAS in the female was 16(57.1%) while in male subjects was 12(42.9%). Blood group A (41.7%), group B(21.7%), group AB(28.6%) and  group O(57.1%) were results for male subjects as against Group A(58.3%), Group B(78.3%), Group AB (71.4%) and Group O(42.9%) respectively in the female subjects.90% were Rh ‘D’ positive while 10% were Rh ‘D’ negative. Knowledge of the distribution of ABO, Rh ‘D’ blood groups and haemoglobin genotype variants in any population is useful in health care planning, medical diagnosis and targeting the population that need counseling. If such information is well managed it can make a difference in the quality of decisions that individuals will make especially as it concerns marriage, blood transfusion and other medical demands.