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Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

Fusarium: The Versatile Soil Borne Pathogen and Its Integrated Management

Swarna Kurmi, Sanjay Kharte, Jayant Bhatt, A. K. Jain, Shubham Mishra, Rajendra Patel

Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology · pp. 143–158 · Published 28 Oct 2025

10.9734/jabb/2025/v28i113220

Abstract

Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum, is a destructive vascular disease affecting diverse crops such as peas, tomatoes, bananas, and cotton. The pathogen invades the xylem, disrupting water transport and leading to chlorosis, wilting, and plant death. Its survival is facilitated by resistant chlamydospores that persist in soil for years, complicating disease management. Severe yield losses, often reaching 100% in susceptible cultivars, have been reported worldwide. Although crop rotation, biological control agents, and resistant varieties offer partial control, the absence of a completely effective strategy remains a major challenge. Excessive reliance on chemical fungicides has further contributed to environmental and health concerns, as well as pathogen resistance. Hence, the development and adoption of integrated and sustainable management practices are crucial for effective suppression of Fusarium wilt.

Wilt fusarium management soil borne

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