Cardiovascular Risk Indices in Apparently Healthy Individuals after 14 Days of Consumption of Costus afer Stem Extract

Abstract

Costus afer has been used for both medicinal and nutritional purpose without adequate knowledge of its systemic effect. This study therefore, sought to determine the cardiovascular risk indices in fifteen (15) apparently healthy individuals aged between 20-35years after 14days of consumption of 1.28g/180ml of Costus afer stem extract by estimating High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C), Atherogenic index of Plasma (AIP), Castelli Risk Index I and II, Total Protein and Albumin. Samples taken before the commencement of the study served as control samples while samples collected on day one (1), seven (7), and fourteen (14) days served as test samples.Total cholesterol, Triglyceride, High density lipoprotein-cholesterol were estimated using colorimetric methods. Total Protein was estimated using Biuret method while Albumin was estimated using Bromocresol green method.The results showed that the mean + Standard deviation of Total cholesterol (3.38+ 0.68mmol/l), Triglycerides (0.74 +0.16mmol/l), High density lipoprotein cholesterol (0.95 + 0.19mmol/l), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (1.92 + 0.90mmol/l), Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) (-0.11 + 0.06) Castelli risk index I (3.68 +1.15), castelli risk index II (2.15 +1.29) Total protein (74.80 +5.17mmol/l) and albumin (39.40 + 3.21mmol/l) did not show any significant difference (P>0.05) after 14days of consumption when compared to control Total cholesterol (4.01 +0.30mmol/l), Triglycerides (0.97 + 0.51mmol/l), High density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (0.97 +0.25mmol/l), Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) (2.59 + 0.55mmol/l), Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) (-0.03 + 0.23), Castelli risk index I (4.34 + 1.09), Castelli risk index II (2.86 +1.09), Total protein (77.00 + 7.21mmol/l) and Albumin (38.80+ 1.50mmol/l).Consumption of Costus afer did not affect High density lipoprotein Cholesterol,low density Lipoprotein Cholesterol,Triglyceride and Total Cholesterol hence ,does not affect cardiovascular risk indices.