Genome-wide Repression of Extrachromosomal Circular DNA in Plants: A Review

Abstract

Many years ago, scientists keenly absorbed and paid attention to the Cytoplasmic genes and nucleus Chromosomes. In this era, Scientists also focused on the nucleus chromosomes since 1965. There are a lot of things that are fortunately or unfortunately neglected by the scientific community one is eccDNA. Mostly in the eukaryotic cell exons and eccDNA is a not-rare process. When the sequencing techniques have come into view this is highly appreciated that this eccDNA is due to the repeats again and again in genomic sequence, new and fresh studies and scientists admit that this eccDNA is due to the different regions of the genome taking part to the eccDNA pool. This eccDNA may be extra but plays a role as a DNA in the cell. Sometimes this is very dangerous for the wheat and in some conditions, it is very may be helpful and show their gene expression in the different plants to control their mechanisms such as stress and adaptation, this may also show the phenotypic effect as well as genotypic effect. In this review, we discuss different approaches and technologies that facilitate eccDNA identification and early discoveries in the eccDNA in wheat.