Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Clinical Specimens from Khartoum Hospitals, Sudan

Abstract

Background: One of the most common causes of nosocomial infection is Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antimicrobial resistance has expanded globally as a result of profound changes in microbial genetic ecology caused by the indiscriminate use of antimicrobials. Objective: The aim of study was to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from clinical specimens. Materials and Methods: The present study used purposive sampling as the sampling technique. Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from 77 clinical specimens, Susceptibility Test was determined using Kirby-Bauer Disk Diffusion. Results: The results revealed that and the isolated organism test is Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from all the clinical Specimen by 100%, The results revealed that the frequencies of Cefpodoxime antibiotics for the Urine 32.4% (11/31) was sensitive, while 58.8% (20/31) was resistant., for the wound 20.6% (7/34) was sensitive, while 79.4% (27/34) was resistant., for the Ear 5.9% (2/12) was sensitive, while 29.4% (10/12) was resistant. Resistant average for cefpodoxime was 74.0%, and there is a high statistically significant relation between Cefpodoxime antibiotics and samples (Urine and wound) and a normal relation with Ear. Conclusion: Drug resistance in P. aeruginosa is a multifactorial increasing phenomenon. Estimated frequencies were between 12-36%. Mechanisms of resistance either through membrane permeability and efflux system or through its virulence factors or acquired genetically by plasmid. Combination of these mechanisms leads to a superbug, which is very difficult to be treated.