Influence of Organic Manures and Chemical Fertilizers on the Yield and Yield-Attributing Characteristics of Rice

Abstract

Rice is an important crop for over half the global population, yet its productivity is increasingly challenged by soil degradation and unsustainable fertilization practices. This study aimed to assess the effect of integrated nutrient management (INM) using organic manures - farmyard manure (FYM) and vermicompost (VC), in combination with chemical fertilizers on the yield and protein content of rice under the agro-climatic conditions of Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh. A field experiment was conducted using the CSR-36 rice variety with eight treatments, including various combinations of FYM, Vermicompost and recommended doses of fertilizers (RDF). Results showed that the integrated application of 75% RDF with FYM and Vermicompost (T₅) significantly enhanced grain yield (53.27 q/ha), protein content (8.56%), and protein yield (415.52 kg/ha), outperforming the sole use of 100% RDF. Improved plant height, number of tiller and test weight under INM were attributed to better nutrient synchronization and enhanced microbial activity. Even treatments with 50% RDF plus organic inputs recorded moderate yields, indicating the potential of INM to reduce chemical dependency. In summary, integrating FYM and Vermicompost with reduced chemical fertilizers not only boosts rice productivity and quality but also promotes soil health, offering a sustainable and eco-friendly nutrient management strategy for rice cultivation.