Supraventricular Tachy-arrhythmia Revealing an Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricle Cardiomyopathy in An Adolescent: Case Report

Abstract

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy is a genetic disease that affects young people. As its name indicates, it carries a risk of ventricular rhythm disturbances and sudden death, particularly during sporting efforts emphasizing the need for early diagnosis of the disease. The most frequently observed symptoms are palpitations, syncope, clinical signs of right heart failure and cardiac arrest. These clinical manifestations, as well as the progression and prognosis of the disease have been well studied and described in the literature in adult population unlike in children where it has not been well elucidated. Its diagnosis is based on the morphological characteristics of the right ventricle during cardiac ultrasound and especially on cardiac MRI. The extent of morphological abnormalities and the frequency of occurrence of rhythm disorders make it possible to stratify the disease risk. High-risk patients should benefit from implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation. Treatment is based on moderate physical exercise, beta blockers medical therapy and an implantable cardioverter defibrillator in certain cases. We report a case of a 15-year-old child, with a history of first-degree consanguinity and undocumented heart disease in the father who consulted for chest pain over 8 days. The clinical presentation, electrical signs, cardiac ultrasound and imaging made it possible to make the diagnosis of ARVC.