Lessons and Experiences from Implementing Small Scale Fortification in Asia

Abstract

Objectives: Small scale fortification remains an essential focus in many countries with the majority of flour milling and salt processing occurring in villages or on small holdings. Large-scale processing methods are not replicable in these environments. Two adapted methodologies were tested in Nepal (flour) and Indonesia (salt) to address these concerns. Methods: Nepal: MI through NGOs installed, trained and monitored the functioning of 100 small mills covering 3,000 households, including devising a revolving premix fund, extensive local monitoring and a final evaluation after two years of implementation. Indonesia: MI provided mobile iodization units for real time salt crushing/iodizing on salt farm sites. Mini mobile labs were equipped and government workers trained to test iodized salt while it was being harvested. This real-time and mobile approach was further supported by development of farmer's cooperatives, established to organize these disparate farmers into a single legal entity to empower members while enhancing their bargaining position among traders, buyers or agents. Results: Nepal: >160 metric tons of fortified flour produced and 75% of the premix costs were recovered. The evaluation found reductions in anemia among villagers (from 33% to 18%) with fortified flour in 80% of households and nearly 50% of women consuming this flour on a daily basis. Indonesia: Iodized salt production increased from 5800 metric tons in 2008 to 25,000MT (87% of all salt) and cooperatives continue to function well. Conclusions: Small scale fortification work requires tailored approaches based on country context. By thoughtful programming, success can be achieved using a variety of methods.