Breast Cancer in Muslim Countries: Risk Reduction Strategies

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women in western countries and is becoming significant in many developing countries. It is the most common cancer and the primary cause of cancer-related mortality in women in Muslim countries. The incidence of breast cancer ranges from low of 20.4 to high of 78.7 cases per 100,000 in Tajikistan and Lebanon, respectively. The mortality ranges from 8.7 to 25.9 cases per 100,000 in Libya and Nigeria, respectively. The incidence in Muslim countries is low compared to the incidence in US which is at 92.9 cases per 100,000, according to World Health Organization (WHO) data from 2012. However, mortality in US remains low at 14.9 cases due to early detection and better treatment. Breast cancer incidence is increasing in Muslim countries. Greater number of patients present at a younger age and a later stage as compared to the western countries. The major risk factors increasing the incidence of breast cancer include dietary habits, physical activity, weight, reproductive patterns, breast feeding, and supplemental hormone use. A significant decrease in the incidence and mortality in Muslim countries can be achieved by a program incorporating simple risk reduction measures, early detection strategies and specific medical intervention in high-risk women. This will require a cooperative effort of the community, physicians and government.