Management, Reproduction, and Economic Value of Local Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in the Urban Commune of Mayahi, Niger

Abstract

A cross-sectional survey was conducted in June 2024 across ten villages in the urban commune of Mayahi, Niger, to characterize the management, reproductive performance, and economic importance of local chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus). Data from 100 producers were analyzed using SPSS version 26 for descriptive statistics. Results show that poultry farming is predominantly a male-managed activity (80%) by household heads (64%) aged mostly between 30-50 years (48%). Most producers are farmers (71%) who practice the free-range system (65%), with over 74% having more than five years of experience. Economic motivations dominate: 34% of producers raise chickens for sale, while 30% prioritize self-consumption. Income from chicken sales is mainly used for clothing (27%), family healthcare (22%), and food purchases (21%), highlighting poultry’s role in household resilience. Reproductive performance is moderate, with the age at first lay averaging 6.3 ± 0.5 months and incubation lasting 18-21 days (94%). Most hens achieve four to five broods per year (71%), and hatchability reaches 80% in 36% of flocks, while chick survival averages 75–80% in 53% of cases. Seasonal variation is marked, with 59% of hatchings during the rainy season. Major constraints include diseases (31%), lack of training (22%), and predation (20%). Strengthening animal health services and farmer education could improve productivity. The study provides quantitative benchmarks for future genetic improvement and husbandry interventions in Niger’s traditional poultry systems.