Ultrasound-assisted Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.)

Abstract

Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) is a nutrient-rich vegetable known for its high concentration of bioactive compounds such as betalains, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and carotenoids, which exhibit significant health benefits. This study investigates the potential of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) as a green and efficient method for enhancing the yield of these bioactive compounds from beetroot. Beetroot samples were processed to extract compounds using an aqueous solution, followed by ultrasonication and subsequent analysis. The results demonstrated that UAE significantly improved the extraction of betalains, with betacyanin and betaxanthin concentrations increasing by 16.1% and 10.9%, respectively, compared to traditional extraction methods. Phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and carotenoids also exhibited enhanced concentrations, indicating the efficacy of UAE in disrupting plant cell walls and facilitating greater solubilization of bioactives. UAE offers a sustainable alternative to conventional extraction techniques by reducing solvent use and processing time while maintaining high extraction efficiency. The findings of this study highlight the potential of UAE to optimize the recovery of valuable compounds from beetroot, contributing to the development of functional foods and nutraceuticals. Future research could explore solvent optimization and process conditions to further increase extraction yields.