Types of Bacteria Associated with Diarrhoeal Cases among Children in Akure, Nigeria and Their Antibiogram Profile

Abstract

In this study, the types of bacteria associated with diarrhoeal cases among children in Akure, Nigeria and their antibiogram profile were investigated using standard techniques. The bacterial species isolated are; Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pnuemoniae, Shigella flexneri, Salmonella typhimurium, Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella typhi, Shigella sonnei, and Vibrio paraheamolyticus. Antibiogram profile of the isolates revealed Pefloxacin to be the most effective drug against four of the isolated bacterial species while septrin, streptomycin, augmentin and spafloxacin were less effective. Three types of multiple antibiotic resistance patterns were observed in the isolates. Shigella sonnei showed multiple resistance patterns to seven antibiotics (septrin, chloramphenicol, spafloxacin, amoxicillin, augmentin, gentamycin and ofloxacin) which belongs to five antibiotic groups (sulfonamides, phenicols, fluroquinolones, aminoglycosides and penicillins), Salmonella Typhimurium showed multiple resistance patterns to four antibiotics (septrin, chloramphenicol, amoxicillin, augmentin) which belongs to three groups of antibiotics namely; sulfonamides, phenicols and penicillins while Enterobacter aerogenes showed multiple resistance patterns to all the 10 antibiotics (Septrin, chloramphenicol, Spafloxacin, amoxicillin, augmentin, gentamycin, streptomycin, perfloxacin, ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin) which belongs to five groups of antibiotics which are sulfonamides, phenicols, fluroquinolones, aminoglycosides and penicillins. Conclusively, the use of the antibiotics to which these organisms are resistant should be discouraged.