Urinary Incontinence in Bangladeshi Women: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Prevalence, Cultural Perceptions, and Quality of Life Implications

Abstract

Background: Urinary incontinence (UI) is a pervasive condition affecting women globally, impacting their quality of life and mental well-being. While global perspectives on UI are documented, focused research on the Bangladeshi female population remains limited. This study aims to elucidate the prevalence, risk factors, and the impact of UI on the quality of life among Bangladeshi women, while also exploring cultural and societal influences surrounding the condition. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving a sample of 984 Bangladeshi women. Participants were recruited using a stratified random sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was employed to determine the prevalence and assess the impact on quality of life. Risk factors were analyzed using multivariate regression models, and cultural insights were gathered through semi-structured interviews. Statistical analysis, including chi-square tests, were performed to ascertain significance. Results: The study found a UI prevalence rate of 24.6%. Stress UI emerged as the predominant type. Significant risk factors included age, BMI, menopausal status, and parity. Women with UI demonstrated a marked decline in their quality of life scores compared to unaffected individuals. Cultural insights revealed UI was often perceived as a natural aging process and was stigmatized, leading to hesitancy in seeking medical care. Conclusion: UI represents a significant healthcare concern in Bangladesh, profoundly affecting the quality of life of women. The findings emphasize the need for effective medical interventions, public awareness campaigns, and efforts to address cultural stigmas surrounding UI. Addressing UI holistically requires a multifaceted approach combining medical, societal, and cultural interventions to ensure women's health and well-being.