Serological Detection and Distribution of Viruses Associated With Lima Beans (Phaseolus lunatus L.) in Kaduna State, Nigeria

Abstract

The survey sites used in the present work were visited in November 2012. Leaf samples were collected from Zango-Kataf and Kaura Local Government Areas of Kaduna State. Three locations each were visited for sample collection for serological test for viruses in Zonkwa, Mabushi and Samaru in Zango-Kataf and Mallagum, Manchok and Kagoro in Kaura LGAs respectively. Triple Antibody Sandwich and Double Antibody Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (TAS and DAS ELISA) procedures were employed for the detection of Bean golden mosaic virus, Bean common mosaic virus, Bean yellow mosaic virus and Cucumber mosaic virus, to determine their incidence and distribution. Results of the tests showed that four viruses were associated with Phaseolus lunatus L. in the study area namely Bean golden mosaic virus, Bean common mosaic virus, except, Bean yellow mosaic virus that was not detected in Kaura LGA. The viral disease with the highest incidence in the LGAs was Bean golden mosaic virus (BGMV) with 44.4 and 38.3% for Zango-Kataf and Kaura LGAs, respectively. It is suggested that extensive studies be carried out on the incidence, distribution and economic status of these viruses in other states of the country where the crop is grown because of its importance among farmers.