Antibiotics Sensitivity Profile of Wounds’ Bacterial Isolates and Antibacterial Assessment of Chromolaena odorata Aqueous and Ethyl Acetate Extracts

Abstract

Aim: To study the in vitro inhibitory effect of C. odorata extracts on bacterial isolates from wound swab samples. Place of Study: University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria, between January and June 2019. Methodology: Wound swabs were collected from patients of University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Akure. Air-dried and powdered C. odorata leaves were extracted using distilled water and ethyl acetate and concentrated using a rotary evaporator. Qualitative phytochemical screening of C. odorata extracts was done by standard methods. Antibiotics susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates to a panel of ten (10) conventional antibiotics was determined by disc diffusion method. Antibacterial activity of C. odorata extracts were determined using agar diffusion  method. Results: Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most abundant bacteria isolated (40.30%) in this study. Chromolaena odorata aqueous extract had higher extraction yield (24.1%) than ethyl acetate extract. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of saponin, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, tannin, glycoside and phenol of C. odorata extracts. Proteus vulgaris exhibited 100% resistance against augmentin. The highest zone of inhibition observed with the C. odorata ethyl acetate extract was against P. aeruginosa (18.67±0.67 mm). Conclusion: This study reveals the in vitro inhibitory effect of C. odorata extracts on bacteria isolated from wounds thus presenting them as potential antibacterial agents.