Morpho-Physiological Analysis of Artocarpus lakoocha Roxb Seeds for Improved Storability

Abstract

Artocarpus lakoocha Roxb., commonly known as Monkey Jack, is a tropical fruit tree native to India and valued for its diverse uses in food, fodder, and timber. This study investigates the seed storability of A. lakoocha, focusing on its morpho-physiological traits and desiccation sensitivity. Mature fruits, collected from New Delhi, were analyzed for morphological characteristics including fruit and seed size, shape, and moisture content. Seeds were found to be recalcitrant, with high moisture content (50-55%) and limited viability (7-15 days), reflecting their sensitivity to desiccation and chilling. Germination tests revealed that seeds without testa (seed coat) exhibited higher germination rates, with fresh seeds achieving 100% germination at 52% moisture content. Desiccation significantly impacted seed viability, with moisture levels reduced from 52% to 22% over 21 hours leading to decreased germination rates. Seeds desiccated to below 37% moisture content showed a notable decline in viability. Storage studies indicated that seeds stored at 15°C retained viability for up to 180 days, while those stored at 25°C, 5°C, -10°C, and -20°C lost viability more rapidly. The results underscore the recalcitrant nature of A. lakoocha seeds, characterized by high moisture content and sensitivity to desiccation. Effective storage conditions are crucial for maintaining seed viability, with 15°C proving optimal for extended storage. This research provides insights into the storage behavior of A. lakoocha seeds and emphasizes the need for conservation strategies to address the declining populations of this economically important species.