Progress in RSV Vaccination: Evaluating Developments, Recognizing Opportunities, and Examining Pharmacists' Functions

Abstract

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) continues to pose a major global health danger, particularly impacting infants, the elderly, and those with chronic or immune-compromised illnesses. Recent scientific advancements particularly the structural stabilization of the prefusion F protein, improvements in mRNA vaccine technologies, and the creation of extended half-life monoclonal antibodies have expedited progress toward safe and effective RSV vaccination. These advancements have resulted in the endorsement of multiple vaccines and immunoprophylactic products, including Pfizer’s Abrysvo, GSK’s Arexvy, Moderna’s mRESVIA (mRNA-1345), and long-acting antibodies like nirsevimab, while more candidates progress through late-stage testing. Even with these accomplishments, obstacles remain, such as the requirement for long-lasting immunity, safeguarding various age demographics, and ensuring worldwide accessibility. Pharmacists are taking on a more essential role in closing these gaps through vaccine administration, patient guidance, health education in the community, and monitoring safety after marketing. Their availability and clinical knowledge make them vital participants in enhancing vaccine acceptance and aiding RSV prevention efforts in community and clinical environments. This review compiles recent progress in RSV vaccine creation, recognizes existing scientific and implementation hurdles, and emphasizes chances to improve prevention initiatives via pharmacist-led strategies.