An Appraisal of Malnutrition in Gynaecologic Cancer Patients Attending the Gynaecology Clinic in the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Malnutrition in cancer patients is associated with increased risk of adverse effects including mortality and thus requires special attention. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors affecting malnutrition amongst gynaecological cancer patients at the University of Port Harcourt teaching hospital (UPTH). Methodology: This was a prospective cross-sectional study involving 74 patients with histologically confirmed genital tract malignancies at the UPTH. A structured proforma was used to obtain nutritional history from the participants while the serum albumin level was used to determine the nutritional status. Data entry and analysis was conducted using SPSS version 25 software package. Results were presented in simple frequency tables and percentages. Chi square test was used to compare categorical variables and p value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The prevalence of malnutrition was 39.19%. The age range of participants was 26-92 years with most (25.7%) in the 4th decade. Patients with cervical and ovarian malignancies were more at risk of malnutrition. Low socioeconomic status, advanced stage disease, and reduced food intake were significantly associated with malnutrition. Poor appetite and early satiety were associated with poor food intake. Conclusion: Malnutrition is highly prevalent amongst the study population. Cervical and ovarian cancer patients were more likely to suffer from malnutrition. Improvement in socioeconomic status and early detection of malignancy will improve the nutritional status of the study population.