Gastrointestinal Parasite Burden and Zoonotic Risk in abattoir-sourced goats from Yenagoa, Bayelsa Sate, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Gastrointestinal parasitism remains a major constraint to goat productivity and a potential public health concern in many developing regions, particularly where abattoir hygiene and veterinary control are inadequate. Aim: This study assessed the prevalence, distribution, and zoonotic risk of gastrointestinal parasites in abattoir-sourced goats from Swali, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Method: A total of 80 faecal samples were collected from slaughtered goats across two abattoirs (A and B). Samples were examined using direct microscopic examination and formalin–ether sedimentation techniques. Parasites were identified based on morphological characteristics, and data were analysed using descriptive statistics and inferential tests at 95% confidence level. Results: Overall, 50% (40/80) of samples were positive for gastrointestinal parasites. Abattoir B recorded a higher infection rate (62.5%) than Abattoir A (37.5%). Four parasite genera were identified: Moniezia spp., Taenia spp., Toxocara spp., and Spirometra spp. Moniezia spp. was the most prevalent (45.4%), followed by Taenia spp. (23.1%), Toxocara spp. (19.4%), and Spirometra spp. (12.0%). Parasite burden varied between abattoirs, with Abattoir A showing higher intensity (4.93) compared to Abattoir B (1.36). Differences in infection rates were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The study reveals a substantial burden of gastrointestinal parasites in goats slaughtered for human consumption in Yenagoa, with notable zoonotic implications, particularly from Taenia and Toxocara species. Improved husbandry practices, routine deworming, and strengthened abattoir inspection systems are recommended to reduce transmission risks and enhance public health safety.