Physicochemical Characteristics of Set Yogurt Fortified with Dracaena angustifolia Leaves Extract

Abstract

Aims:  This study aims to analyze syneresis, pH, total acid, viscosity, color (L, a*, b*) and sensory analysis (taste, aroma, and color) and antioxidant activity of yogurt set added with Dracaena angustifolia leaves (DAL) extract. Study Design:  The research used a factorial experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), four treatments, and four replications. The research used a percentage treatment of DAL extract (0%, 2%, 4%, 6% from milk total). Place and Duration of Study: This was carried out at the Animal Products Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya. The Research was conducted from October- December 2023. Methodology: The yogurt-making process begins with pasteurizing milk to a temperature of 65-70°C, followed by the addition of DAL extract according to the treatment: P0 (control), P1 (2%), P2 (4%), P3 (6%). After pasteurization, the milk is filtered, and a starter inoculation is added at a temperature of 43-45°C, constituting 3% of the milk volume. The milk-starter mixture is thoroughly stirred to ensure even distribution. The inoculated milk is then poured into sterilized glass containers, incubated in an incubator at 43-45°C for 6 hours, and analyzed physicochemical characteristics (syneresis, pH, total acid, viscosity, color (L, a*, b*) and sensory analysis (taste, aroma, and color) and antioxidant activity). Results: The yogurt set fortified DAL with different concentrations showed a significantly different effect (P<0.05) on pH, color (L, a*, b*), and sensory (taste, aroma, and color) and did not have a different effect (P>0.05) on syneresis, total acid, and viscosity. Conclusion: Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the addition of DAL extract to the yogurt set provides an increase in viscosity, color brightness (L), yellowish color (b*), organoleptic quality (taste, aroma, and color), total acid, antioxidant activity, and reduces syneresis, reddish color intensity (a*), and pH.