Comparative Cytotoxic and Nephrotoxic Effects of Cypermethrin and Methyl Parathion: In vitro and in vivo studies

Abstract

Cypermethrin and methyl parathion are both insecticides, though they belong to different chemical classes and have distinct characteristics and effects. Apart from these, their frequent use in agricultural and health sectors throughout West Bengal, these insecticides showed significant environmental rises, affecting different life forms. This present study firstly deals with different in vitro methods viz. MTT assay studies for the calculation of IC50 doses of cypermethrin and methyl parathion on human normal kidney cell line HEK-293, these results were further supported by DAPI staining and Comet assay study for direct effects of these two insecticides on cellular DNA and finally DCFDA staining as cellular stress induced ROS regeneration study. The IC50 value of cypermethrin was found to be 27 µM, while in case of methyl parathion it was found to be 14 µM. These in vitro study reports were finally concluded by in vivo (histological) studies to show the potential toxicity generating effects of these two frequently used chemicals on kidney sections of male albino mice (Mus musculus) . For in vivo experiments LD50 values of cypermethrin and methyl Parathion was calculted respectively along with total accumulation of these two insecticides that eventually leads to prominent histological changes viz. glomerular shrinkage, vacuole formation, fat depositions etc. was also studied. All of these experimental results pointed out, though both of the insecticides are capable for generating toxicity in cellular and tissue level, between them methyl parathion was found to be the highly toxic one.